# Installing Linux ## Download and Install VirtualBox VirtualBox is a virtualization open source software that runs on Linux, Windows and Mac OS. * Download **VirtualBox** and **VirtualBox Extension Pack** [here](https://www.virtualbox.org/wiki/Downloads) based on your platform (Windows in this tutorial). ![](https://1178537843-files.gitbook.io/~/files/v0/b/gitbook-x-prod.appspot.com/o/spaces%2F2KUxfxUFmy000PDT7MtM%2Fuploads%2Fgit-blob-2d55df293a0e9e865e83256886c1913c901f109a%2Fimage-20220814155217998.png?alt=media) ![](https://1178537843-files.gitbook.io/~/files/v0/b/gitbook-x-prod.appspot.com/o/spaces%2F2KUxfxUFmy000PDT7MtM%2Fuploads%2Fgit-blob-ceed1d5883c8f0171ec4aaef04c3894399d6d597%2Fimage-20220814155334144.png?alt=media) * Install VirtualBox with default settings. * Install VirtualBox Extension Pack. ## Download Linux Image For this tutorial Ubuntu Desktop Linux will be used. If you want to use another distro check the [Popular Linux Distributions](https://blog.syselement.com/tcm/courses/linux-101/1-linux-distributions/linux-distributions) list. * Download the latest **Ubuntu Desktop LTS** `.iso` file [here](https://ubuntu.com/download/desktop). ## Create Virtual Machine * Run VirtualBox. * Click on the ***New*** button to create a new virtual machine (***VM***) ![](https://1178537843-files.gitbook.io/~/files/v0/b/gitbook-x-prod.appspot.com/o/spaces%2F2KUxfxUFmy000PDT7MtM%2Fuploads%2Fgit-blob-e3cc98186336b246406579576589c46e87ffdbed%2Fimage-20220814160023790.png?alt=media\&token=42528c97-1c94-4d79-ad85-15e45d289586) * Click on **Expert Mode** ![](https://1178537843-files.gitbook.io/~/files/v0/b/gitbook-x-prod.appspot.com/o/spaces%2F2KUxfxUFmy000PDT7MtM%2Fuploads%2Fgit-blob-c2105b6d5dc5b2d8cee769bfece9e4a5d46ad68e%2Fimage-20220814163415069.png?alt=media) * Set the VM *Name*, the *machine folder* to store the VM, *type* (**`Linux`**) and *version* (**`Ubuntu 64bit`**). * Set the Memory size (RAM) at **`4096 MB`** (4GB) or use the default settings **`1024 MB`** * Select `Create a virtual hard disk now` * Proceed with the ***Create*** button ![](https://1178537843-files.gitbook.io/~/files/v0/b/gitbook-x-prod.appspot.com/o/spaces%2F2KUxfxUFmy000PDT7MtM%2Fuploads%2Fgit-blob-6337b17c73e3c4b5ccb7d43d502b04faf94fbec3%2Fimage-20220814162743473.png?alt=media) * Set the File size (disk size) at **`20 GB`** * Set the Hard disk file type as **`VDI - Dynamically allocated`** * Proceed with the ***Create*** button to initialize the machine. ![](https://1178537843-files.gitbook.io/~/files/v0/b/gitbook-x-prod.appspot.com/o/spaces%2F2KUxfxUFmy000PDT7MtM%2Fuploads%2Fgit-blob-0efbdf9b8d4c98855f265cdc2fdf1baf0f5bd493%2Fimage-20220814164656943.png?alt=media) * Select the new VM in the manager windows and click on the ***Settings*** button. ![](https://1178537843-files.gitbook.io/~/files/v0/b/gitbook-x-prod.appspot.com/o/spaces%2F2KUxfxUFmy000PDT7MtM%2Fuploads%2Fgit-blob-5acef2f7372b6dff9a030d3e2fd63c722ad38fee%2Fimage-20220814174252593.png?alt=media) * Navigate to the ***Sistem*** tab and: * remove Floppy from boot order * set Chipset to **`PIIX3`** (default) * **`Enable PAE/NX`** in the Processor menu * check Acceleration menu to have **`Default Paravirtualization`** and **`Enable Nested Paging`** checked ![](https://1178537843-files.gitbook.io/~/files/v0/b/gitbook-x-prod.appspot.com/o/spaces%2F2KUxfxUFmy000PDT7MtM%2Fuploads%2Fgit-blob-e5ec368d268403b269afd1012ab74695b7fabd79%2Fimage-20220814174901665.png?alt=media) ![](https://1178537843-files.gitbook.io/~/files/v0/b/gitbook-x-prod.appspot.com/o/spaces%2F2KUxfxUFmy000PDT7MtM%2Fuploads%2Fgit-blob-45a043754ebe54aabf0ad7e4ed1e803584a74560%2Fimage-20220814174955219.png?alt=media) ![](https://1178537843-files.gitbook.io/~/files/v0/b/gitbook-x-prod.appspot.com/o/spaces%2F2KUxfxUFmy000PDT7MtM%2Fuploads%2Fgit-blob-6301c7980a5deb753430d9384ab13c1c21a77d22%2Fimage-20220814175137011.png?alt=media) * Navigate to the ***Display*** tab and increase the **`Video Memory`** to **`128 MB`** * **`Graphics Controller`** must be **`VMSVGA`** to be able to use VirtualBox Guest Additions ![](https://1178537843-files.gitbook.io/~/files/v0/b/gitbook-x-prod.appspot.com/o/spaces%2F2KUxfxUFmy000PDT7MtM%2Fuploads%2Fgit-blob-bc47992cc01de21af20d310b378d10dd14023f10%2Fimage-20220814175228447.png?alt=media) ## Install Linux Image * Select the new VM and click on the ***Start*** button to start it ![](https://1178537843-files.gitbook.io/~/files/v0/b/gitbook-x-prod.appspot.com/o/spaces%2F2KUxfxUFmy000PDT7MtM%2Fuploads%2Fgit-blob-88184c4837de06752b19544301371ad392627978%2Fimage-20220814165535424.png?alt=media) * Click on the file icon to open the Optical disk selector ![](https://1178537843-files.gitbook.io/~/files/v0/b/gitbook-x-prod.appspot.com/o/spaces%2F2KUxfxUFmy000PDT7MtM%2Fuploads%2Fgit-blob-f470343788a7df8bb58f56f8fb9f910703700319%2Fimage-20220814165746274.png?alt=media) * Use the ***Add*** button to select the `.iso` file previously downloaded, select it from the list and ***Choose*** it * Click on the ***Start*** button to start he machine with the mounted `ubuntu-22.04-desktop-amd64.iso` (in this case) ![](https://1178537843-files.gitbook.io/~/files/v0/b/gitbook-x-prod.appspot.com/o/spaces%2F2KUxfxUFmy000PDT7MtM%2Fuploads%2Fgit-blob-86856dae6a4fd59322e3e1d4ed43af121a86f5d3%2Fimage-20220814170229539.png?alt=media\&token=65d4c517-8fe4-4bfb-8dd5-34af0c59273e) * Wait for the Ubuntu boot and installation menu * Select your language and click ***Install Ubuntu*** ![](https://1178537843-files.gitbook.io/~/files/v0/b/gitbook-x-prod.appspot.com/o/spaces%2F2KUxfxUFmy000PDT7MtM%2Fuploads%2Fgit-blob-e3db47c5c49050707426a1124bf41db1f0c4fe2f%2Fimage-20220814171602035.png?alt=media) * Select your **Keyboard layout** and continue * Choose **`Normal installation`** and check both ***Other options*** boxes (you must be connected to the Internet) ![](https://1178537843-files.gitbook.io/~/files/v0/b/gitbook-x-prod.appspot.com/o/spaces%2F2KUxfxUFmy000PDT7MtM%2Fuploads%2Fgit-blob-21552a517aa2fbd1759518fa78a13d6f1fbd899b%2Fimage-20220814171524228.png?alt=media) * Choose **`Erase disk and install Ubuntu`** and continue the installation without enabling encryption ![](https://1178537843-files.gitbook.io/~/files/v0/b/gitbook-x-prod.appspot.com/o/spaces%2F2KUxfxUFmy000PDT7MtM%2Fuploads%2Fgit-blob-7ae99b9ae0d67a81c5bc657649b270ad00899efa%2Fimage-20220814172526947.png?alt=media) ![](https://1178537843-files.gitbook.io/~/files/v0/b/gitbook-x-prod.appspot.com/o/spaces%2F2KUxfxUFmy000PDT7MtM%2Fuploads%2Fgit-blob-cb6662f7f73db18439fb00859a5c18ea36e80028%2Fimage-20220814172653457.png?alt=media) * Select your **Location** and time zone from the map screen * Create your login details as `hostname`, `username` and `password` * Proceed with the ***Continue*** button that will start Ubuntu installation ![](https://1178537843-files.gitbook.io/~/files/v0/b/gitbook-x-prod.appspot.com/o/spaces%2F2KUxfxUFmy000PDT7MtM%2Fuploads%2Fgit-blob-a393f3a9e62fdd45261266f616658520469bdca0%2Fimage-20220814173136821.png?alt=media) * **Restart** your VM once the installation has completed. ![](https://1178537843-files.gitbook.io/~/files/v0/b/gitbook-x-prod.appspot.com/o/spaces%2F2KUxfxUFmy000PDT7MtM%2Fuploads%2Fgit-blob-0db256cda23f7ca8d91a7df9dfe0d49595d88c54%2Fimage-20220814174135011.png?alt=media) ## Install VirtualBox Guest Additions Guest Additions software unlocks some advanced features of VirtualBox to better integrate the VM and the host machine, as well as improved video support using VMSVGA graphics controller. * Complete the VM boot and login to Ubuntu desktop * On the VirtualBox menu select ***Devices - Insert Guest Additions CD image...*** ![](https://1178537843-files.gitbook.io/~/files/v0/b/gitbook-x-prod.appspot.com/o/spaces%2F2KUxfxUFmy000PDT7MtM%2Fuploads%2Fgit-blob-1698b98e5e54375d75a855b48e81fa99b5f7cc92%2Fimage-20220814180203046.png?alt=media) * Run the VBox\_GAs disk inside the virtual machine desktop * **Run** the installation when prompted * If the prompt do not auto-start, open the disk, right-click on the **`autorun.sh`** file and ***Run as a Program*** * Enter your password to install it ![](https://1178537843-files.gitbook.io/~/files/v0/b/gitbook-x-prod.appspot.com/o/spaces%2F2KUxfxUFmy000PDT7MtM%2Fuploads%2Fgit-blob-1c8acd39d63abe93fad122a1a81d9c326313dd09%2Fimage-20220814180915886.png?alt=media) ![](https://1178537843-files.gitbook.io/~/files/v0/b/gitbook-x-prod.appspot.com/o/spaces%2F2KUxfxUFmy000PDT7MtM%2Fuploads%2Fgit-blob-a4c05f82d7f27da0450d67fea9c4d4579caf46a4%2Fimage-20220814181134051.png?alt=media) * Restart the VM * Right-click on the disk and **Eject** it ![](https://1178537843-files.gitbook.io/~/files/v0/b/gitbook-x-prod.appspot.com/o/spaces%2F2KUxfxUFmy000PDT7MtM%2Fuploads%2Fgit-blob-1090ad9c7d96a8809f8c9a9385b0c47a846a8958%2Fimage-20220814181848186.png?alt=media) * Activate the *shared clipboard* from the **`Devices - Shared Clipboard - Bidirectional`** menu ![](https://1178537843-files.gitbook.io/~/files/v0/b/gitbook-x-prod.appspot.com/o/spaces%2F2KUxfxUFmy000PDT7MtM%2Fuploads%2Fgit-blob-605f8fafd4d2decc909bcd53f4f713c02e384ba5%2Fimage-20220814181633168.png?alt=media) ## Update Linux Keep the Ubuntu O.S. updated using one of the next methods. * Update it via the **Software Updater** app ![](https://1178537843-files.gitbook.io/~/files/v0/b/gitbook-x-prod.appspot.com/o/spaces%2F2KUxfxUFmy000PDT7MtM%2Fuploads%2Fgit-blob-0dbd9e243ce9d657355dd3d132245215c63db1ef%2Fimage-20220814182124471.png?alt=media) * Open a **Terminal** window (**`Ctrl+Alt+T`**) and update the system with the next command. * This can be used when connected via SSH too. ```bash sudo apt update && sudo apt upgrade -y ``` > 📌 Check the official documentation of the distro for the installation of other Linux distributions. ***